Graphite - A Versatile Mineral With Many Industrial Uses
Graphite is a mineral composed of carbon. It has a layered structure that consists of rings of six carbon atoms arranged in widely spaced horizontal sheets. This layered structure is different from that of diamond, which crystallizes in the octahedral or tetrahedral systems.
Often found as flakes or crystalline layers in metamorphic rocks such as marble, schist's and gneiss, graphite may also be formed in organic-rich shale's and coal beds. During the hydrothermal metamorphism of these rock formations, the original organic matter reacts with the carbon containing the minerals in the sediment to form graphite.
In igneous rocks, graphite can be found as tiny particles in basalt flows or syenite. Small amounts of graphite also occur in some iron meteorites.
The main industrial use of graphite is in the manufacture of refractory materials in the steel industry, crucibles for high temperature foundries and other products. Graphite is also used in the production of lubricants and as a fuel. It is also a good conductor of heat and electricity and can be used to produce electrodes.
Graphite is an extremely versatile material with many industrial uses. It is a critical mineral resource, and its loss could have serious consequences for global economic security. It is a key component of the electric battery. It is also used as a high-temperature lubricant and in the manufacture of brake linings, alkaline batteries and some paints.
